Development of a radioimmunoassay for RX77368 (pGlu-His-3,3-dimethyl proline amide) — a stable analogue of thyrotrophin releasing hormone (TRH)

Abstract

The recent interest in RX77368 for the treatment of Motor Neurone Disease (MND) has led to the requirement for an assay (RIA) capable of detecting the peptide at low levels in plasma. Several drug conjugates were prepared in which RX77368 was covalently linked to larger proteins, e.g. bovine serum albumin, keyhole limpet haemocyanin or bovine thyroglobulin, the best yield being obtained with the bis-diazotized benzidine reaction (BDB) linking RX77368 to KLH. The latter conjugate was injected into sheep and ultimately produced an antibody of sufficiently high titre to be used. This combined with an iodinated radiolabel formed the basis of the radioimmunoassay. Cross-reactivity studies using similar analogues and RX77368 metabolites showed that the antibody was specific for RX77368. The greatest cross-reactivity was exhibited by the pGlu-His-monomethylProNH2 peptide (RX74355), but, not being a natural metabolite, this did not interfere with the assay. The RIA was used to measure RX77368 in MND patients in a recent clinical study, where RX77368 was administered both by the intravenous and oral routes. High plasma concentrations of RX77368 were found in the patients given intravenous drug by infusion. The oral route exhibited much lower levels, but had a sustained duration of action of up to 12 h.