Abstract
Over the last decades, the capability of a desulfurizing mixture to remove sulfur has been widely studied. The hot metal desulfurization efficiency represents the percentage of sulfur removed from the bath and the development of parameters that predict the process efficiency is fundamental for selecting the best desulfurization mixture without the need for experimental tests. Therefore, this research aims to develop a new parameter to predict the hot metal desulfurization mixture efficiency, which was called the desulfurization factor (FDeS). Desulfurizing mixtures from CaO-Fluorspar and CaO-Sodalite systems were used for this purpose. The phases present in the heating of the mixtures at 1400°C as well as the liquid and solid percentage were determined by ThelmoCalc software. These data were used in the desulfurization factor construction. Experiments were carried out in an electric resistance furnace with mechanical stirring. Different mixtures from these systems were added in molten hot metal at 1400°C. Sampling was made to measure the sulfur content variation with time. It was possible to apply the desulfurization factor to the proposed mixtures and to determine the influence of the solid and liquid phases on the desulfurization efficiency.
Highlights
Hot metal desulfurization in a Kambara Reactor is normally carried out with mixtures containing CaO and fluorspar (CaF2)
The hot metal desulfurization reaction can occur according to Equation 1 cited by Oeters (1985)
It is observed that the rates are nearly the same in the first 10 minutes and mixture N10 showed a low desulfurization rate probably due to the formation of solid phases around lime particles (Table 4 shows that mixture N10 formed 30.2% of 3CaO·SiO2 and 3CaO·Al2O3), which decreases both the surface area between CaO and the liquid metal (A) and the global coefficient of mass transportation (k’) from Equation 6
Summary
Hot metal desulfurization in a Kambara Reactor is normally carried out with mixtures containing CaO and fluorspar (CaF2). Its function is to decrease the solid phase amount that forms around the lime particle. Fluorspar causes environmental problems and ladle refractory wear. Other fluxes are studied to replace fluorspar. Sodalite (Nepheline Syenite) is one of them. The hot metal desulfurization reaction can occur according to Equation 1 cited by Oeters (1985). Gibbs equation was obtained using data from Turkdogan and Martonik (1983)
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