Development of a model regional emergency response plan for a mining town: The case of Bindura, Zimbabwe.

Abstract

A case study was carried out in order to develop a model regional emergency response plan for a mining town. Interviews were used to collect data on available emergency response structures and resources for both the town and within various organizations. A questionnaire was used to explore risk perceptions, communication, preparedness and adequacy of current emergency response scenario. This was complemented by site observations using a guide and data sheets. Document analysis of individual emergency response plans (where available) was also done. Results show that the development of the town has not been accompanied with emergency response planning. The Municipality does not have a functioning emergency response center and equipment. This puts the community at serious risk in the event of fire, mine collapse, toxic release and even a natural disaster. The results indicate that individual response plans within various institutions may fail during a major accident. This is because of preoccupation with their core business and lack of technical expertise required for a successful evacuation, escape and rescue. Most developing countries towns do not have an emergency response plan this puts the workers, the environment and inhabitants at serious risk of injury or contamination. A model emergency plan is proposed outlining the duties of each local institution. The model has been designed to enable risk analysis and worst case scenarios in order to make plans that minimize loss and environmental contamination. Results also show that expertise and resources for the plan can be mobilized from local institutions such as the municipality, police, medical institutions, the mines and universities. Local government, industry and communities need to develop an emergency response plan as a core part of their business and functionality. Keywords - Accidents, Emergency response plan, Risk analysis, Environmental management, Toxic release.