Abstract
Long-term ECG (electrocardiogram) measurement in patients with burns is a complicated problem since the overlapping of surface contact electrodes can lead to additional injuries. The possibility of ECG recording in patients with burns using capacitive electrodes was not proved, and there are no models of the electrode contact with a patient’s body while rehabilitation means are used. In this paper, the model of the contact between capacitive electrodes and the skin was modified and the circuit model of the contact: skin – bandages (saline solution) – film – active capacitive electrode, was described. The influence of the parameters of a capacitive electrode on the amplitude-frequency characteristics (AFC) of the contact of an electrode with skin was assessed. It was found that contact capacitance is crucial to obtain a high-quality ECG signal. The parameters of the impedance of bandages, saline solution, a dielectric film were calculated, and their effect on the AFC was studied. Based on the modified model, the AFC contact was modeled taking into consideration all the calculated parameters; it was found that the resulting AFC of the contact corresponds to the frequency range of the ECG signal. Analysis of the calculations proves the possibility of using capacitive electrodes when applying various rehabilitation means. It was found that at a change in the impedance of the saline solution from 0.1 gigaohms to 1 gigaohm, the changes in the AFC of the contact are not crucial for the final quality of the received signal. All calculations were carried out by modeling in the Qucs environment (ngspice SPICE). Simulation results can be used in the development of new types of capacitive electrocardiographic electrodes. The proposed model can be used to study other wound covers, as well as to model physiological processes when putting artificial skin and wound covers
Highlights
As of 2018, about 180 thousand people die in the world every year and on average more than 11 million people received burns and sought medical help [1]
We studied only the influence of saline solution as a base for antiseptics, but in clinical practice, other antiseptics based on other substances, the conductivity of which may differ from the conductivity of the saline solution, are often used
This model takes into consideration electrical impedance of saline solution, the electrical capacitance of dry gauze bandages, the electrical resistance of gauze bandages, the electrical capacitance of a polyethylene dielectric film and electrical resistance of a polyethylene film
Summary
As of 2018, about 180 thousand people die in the world every year and on average more than 11 million people received burns and sought medical help [1]. One of the methods for diagnosing the patient’s condition after significant burns and the appearance of burn disease is the electrocardiogram (ECG) measurement. At the first stages of burn disease, resuscitation measures are carried out when there are signs of disturbance of the vital functions of a patient’s body. During this process, the vital indicators, in particular, ECG signs of the heart muscle pathology, are constantly monitored. The possibility of constant ECG monitoring in patients with extensive skin injuries enables the timely and effective reaction to the dynamics of pathological processes and, in general, on patient’s passing all stages of burn disease. Modeling the processes that occur during the contact between wound covers at burns and capacitive electrodes creates the pre requisites for the development of new systems of ECG registration for combustiology for use in clinical practice
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