Development of a mini core collection from Sri Lankan traditional rice for flowering time variation

Abstract

Sri Lankan traditional rice germplasm (Oryza sativa indica) consists of a wide variety of morphology and days to flowering (DF). The objective of this research was to develop a mini core collection representing the DF variation of the total collection. Three hundred and eighty four rice accessions from 53 Sri Lankan traditional rice varieties were evaluated for morphological and flowering time variation. The experiment was carried at Rice Research and Development Institute, Bathalagoda, Sri Lanka during the late short day season (Maha), 2012/2013.Three hundred and forty five accessions flowered and 39 accessions did not flower during the experimental period of 210 days. Two principal component analyses (PCA) were performed and subsequently 2 dendograms were developed for flowered and not flowered accessions. Sixty eight percent of total observed variation was explained through 6 principal components (PC’s) by DF and fourteen quantitative morphological characters of 345 flowered accessions. Seventy nine percent of total observed variation of not flowered 39 accessions was explained through 4 PC’s by 9 quantitative morphological characters. Ninety accessions were selected from 2 dendograms for development of a mini core collection; out of which 85 accessions represented flowered accessions based on minimum and maximum DF variation in each cluster of the dendogram. Five randomly selected accessions represented each cluster of not flowered accessions. Minimum and maximum DF values of both total collection and mini core collection were 56 and 189 days, respectively. Average DF of total flowered collection and mini core collection was 79.16 ± 0.95 and 87.95 ± 3.1, respectively. A similar trend in the regression relationship between DF and plant height and, DF and leaf length of the leaf prior to flag leaf was observed in total flowered collection and mini core collection, indicating the representation of mini core collection for flowering time variation.