Development of a Lower Passing Model for Volleyball Based Umbrella Learning Approach

Abstract

The research aimed to develop a volleyball lower passing model based on an umbrella learning approach. The method used was research and development. This study was conducted in small-scale and large-scale trials. There were performance tests, written tests, and questionnaires to determine the effectiveness of models developed against students' cognitive, psychomotor, and affective abilities. The study subjects used were 20 respondents for small-scale trials and 40 respondents for large-scale trials at the Faculty of Sport Science. The results of the effectiveness test model in the small group test obtained psychomotor 0.75, cognitive results of 0.73 with a high category obtained with n-gain and affective analysis were assessed with a Guttman scale of 84.37% and belonged to the high category. The results of large-scale psychomotor trials of 0.74, cognitive results of 0.76 high categories obtained with n-gain and affective analysis were assessed with a Guttman scale of 87.57% and belonged to the high category. Based on expert assessments of learning, small-scale trials, and large-scale trials, this umbrella learning model is declared effective in improving students' cognitive, psychomotor, and affective abilities in the Faculty of Sport Science.