Abstract
Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is a degenerative brain disease that is the most common cause of dementia. The incidence of AD is rapidly rising because of the aging of the world population. Because AD is presently incurable, early diagnosis is very important. The disease is characterized by pathological changes such as deposition of senile plaques and decreased concentration of the amyloid-beta 42 (Aβ42) peptide in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF). The concentration of Aβ42 in the CSF is a well-studied AD biomarker. The specific peptide probe was screened through four rounds of biopanning, which included the phage display process. The screened peptide showed strong binding affinity in the micromolar range, and the enzyme-linked peptide assay was optimized using the peptide we developed. This diagnostic method showed specificity toward Aβ42 in the presence of other proteins. The peptide-binding site was also estimated using molecular docking analysis. Finally, the diagnostic method we developed could significantly distinguish patients who were classified based on amyloid PET images.
Highlights
Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is a neurodegenerative disease that causes the most common form of dementia
The studied Aβ42-binding peptide probe (ABPP) sequences were synthesized by AnyGen (Gwangju, Korea)
Due to occupation by a non-labeled anti-Aβ42 antibody, fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC)-labeled antibody could not bind to the plate
Summary
Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is a neurodegenerative disease that causes the most common form of dementia. It leads to memory loss, cognitive and physical impairment, and death [1,2]. Many studies have investigated the treatment of AD, it is still deemed an incurable disease. Available AD drugs address only the symptoms of dementia, not the underlying AD pathologies. Aducanumab (Aduhelm) was approved by the U.S Food and Drug Administration in June 2021, and several disease-modifying therapies targeting β-amyloid have been studied; there is a long way to go to cure AD [6], leaving early diagnosis as the key to effective treatment [7,8]
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