Abstract
The sealing of shaft interfaces in machine housings against oil leakage is commonly realized by radial shaft seals, hence they are used millions of times in technical systems. However, with increasing speed they cause significant friction losses, which reduce the efficiency of the system significantly. In addition, the prevailing trend towards higher speed levels in electrified drive trains is already pushing sealing technology to its performance limits. Therefore, friction reduction offers a chance to extend the current performance limits and increase efficiency within existing applications. In this paper, a methodology for friction reduction is proposed, which is based on microstructuring and surface treatment of the seal sliding surface. Since experimental structural design is linked to high costs and time, a simulation-based method is proposed. Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) simulations are performed to analyze the influence of the structural geometry on local fluid flow. It is shown that for increasing sliding speeds, the analysis and the subsequent optimization of deterministic microstructures require the numerical solution of the complete Navier–Stokes equation in order to take inertial effects into account. Based on these results, an optimal geometric shape for the microstructure is found depending on the operating conditions.
Highlights
The task of sealing technology is to prevent the undesired leakage of liquids or gases from or the ingress of dirt into machines and technical systems or to reduce such leakage to a minimum.According to the relative movement between the components to be sealed, seals are divided into two groups: “static seals” and “dynamic seals”
Downstream, a phase change from vapor to liquid occurs with increasing fluid pressure, the cavitation zone is limited to the beginning of the microstructure
A methodology for reducing the friction losses of radial shaft seals has been proposed, which is based on microstructuring and surface treatment of the elastomer sliding surface
Summary
The task of sealing technology is to prevent the undesired leakage of liquids or gases from or the ingress of dirt into machines and technical systems or to reduce such leakage to a minimum. 1. Frictional behavior of of a conventional andaafriction-optimized friction-optimized 2020, 8, The design and optimization of a low-friction radial shaft seal poses a major challenge when it coatingwhile is applied to the structuredInsealing sliding surface. This coating comesplasmapolymeric to minimizing friction ensuring no-leakage.
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