Abstract
It is important to operate devices with control panels and touch screens assisted by haptic feedback in mobile environments such as driving automobiles and electric power wheelchairs. A lot of consideration is needed to give accurate haptic feedback, especially, presenting clear touch feedback to the elderly and people with reduced sensation is a very critical issue from healthcare and safety perspectives. In this study, we aimed to identify the perceptual characteristics for the frequency and direction of haptic vibration on the touch screen with vehicle-driving vibration and to propose an efficient haptic system based on these characteristics. As a result, we demonstrated that the detection threshold shift decreased at frequencies above 210 Hz due to the contact pressure during active touch, but the detection threshold shift increased at below 210 Hz. We found that the detection thresholds were 0.30–0.45 gpeak with similar sensitivity in the 80–270 Hz range. The haptic system implemented by reflecting the experimental results achieved characteristics suitable for use scenarios in automobiles. Ultimately, it could provide practical guidelines for the development of touch screens to give accurate touch feedback in the real-world environment.
Highlights
In the real world, we recognize objects or operating status by combining the information obtained through the five senses
We implemented the haptic embedded touch screen system that is well perceived in driving conditions by establishing the detection threshold of haptic stimulation on the touch screen
Since the temporal summation effect of the literature still fits in the automotive touch screen, the intensity of the haptic stimulation can be modified in consideration of the detection threshold shift according to the duration of the haptic stimulation when designing
Summary
We recognize objects or operating status by combining the information obtained through the five senses. As an application combined with the demand for healthcare, touch screens with haptic feedback assist visually impaired people, sensory impaired people, and elders to access information such as steering and control commands for mobile devices through the sense of touch. Since touch screens have been used as an input interface for mobile phones, the demand for haptic feedback has increased, and the surface haptics field in haptics has begun to emerge [1,2]. The second is the method to provide tactile feedback through a friction modulation between them [5,6]. The research results of surface haptics over the last 10 years indicate that more active research is being conducted on friction modulation compared to that on vibrotactile. Apple’s products, one of the healthcare applications, with a linear resonant actuator (2016) and the Tanvas’ monitor with electrostatic tactile (2019) were released, but the market response was not enthusiastic
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