Abstract
This study attempts to optimize the spinning process used for fabricating hollow fiber membranes using the response surface methodology (RSM). The spinning factors considered for the experimental design are the dope extrusion rate (DER), air gap length (AGL), coagulation bath temperature (CBT), bore fluid ratio (BFR), and post-treatment time (PT) whilst the response investigated is rejection. The optimal spinning conditions promising the high rejection performance of polyethersulfone (PES) ultrafiltration hollow fiber membranes for oily wastewater treatment are at the dope extrusion rate of 2.13 cm3/min, air gap length of 0 cm, coagulation bath temperature of 30 °C, and bore fluid ratio (NMP/H2O) of 0.01/99.99 wt %. This study will ultimately enable the membrane fabricators to produce high-performance membranes that contribute towards the availability of a more sustainable water supply system.
Highlights
Water is an important element in life
Most researchers are seeking for the appropriate settings using a small number of experiments by keeping all conditions fixed and only varying one condition in a small range as it is practical to be performed [19]. These shortcomings of the parameter-by-parameter optimization technique can be solved via a response surface methodology (RSM), which consists of a design of experiments (DOE)
The work presented in this article has proven the usefulness of RSM to find the optimal spinning conditions in the fabrication of PES ultrafiltration hollow fiber membranes
Summary
Water is an important element in life. Oceans are providing 97.5% water for our planet but only 1% is reachable for consumption. Not much has been said regarding the collective effect of dope extrusion rate, air gap length, coagulation bath temperature, bore fluid ratio, and post-treatment time on the performance of PES ultrafiltration hollow fiber membranes. There are many researchers who have used the parameter-by-parameter optimization method based on trial and error tests to optimize the spinning conditions in fabricating hollow fiber membranes. Most researchers are seeking for the appropriate settings using a small number of experiments by keeping all conditions fixed and only varying one condition in a small range as it is practical to be performed [19] These shortcomings of the parameter-by-parameter optimization technique can be solved via a response surface methodology (RSM), which consists of a design of experiments (DOE).
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