Abstract
A model-based study is carried out based on a combination of mathematical and Maxwell models to develop a high-performance electric pressure regulator utilized for compressed-natural-gas-fueled vehicles. To reduce computational cost, a symmetric two-direction model of the electric pressure regulator is established in Maxwell software, in which its material properties and dimension parameters are obtained on the base of specifications of a real electric pressure regulator. The output of simulating in Maxwell is the electromagnetic force, which is significantly improved when changing core shape in the various dimensions ∆1, ∆2, and ∆3. The optimal electromagnetic force is utilized for the mathematical models as an input variable to simulate the operational characteristics of the electric pressure regulator such as displacement and response time of plunger. The operational characteristics of the electric pressure regulator are examined under the influences of key parameters, including inlet gas pressure, diameter of orifice, and spring stiffness. By optimizing these key parameters, the simulated results in this study show that an electric pressure regulator with high performance can be obtained.
Highlights
An electric pressure regulator (EPR) is an energy-conversion device to control stable pressure for an injection system used gaseous fuel
The EPR can be combined with the hydrogen- and natural-gas-fueled injection systems to improve engine performance and reduce exhaust emission further [1,2,3]
Authors in reference [6] showed an EPR modeling used for a premixed compressed natural gas (CNG) engine; they did not mention solenoids in detail which strongly relates to the operation of an EPR
Summary
An electric pressure regulator (EPR) is an energy-conversion device to control stable pressure for an injection system used gaseous fuel. Authors in reference [2] showed a simulation study to improve the electromagnetic force in a solenoid gas injector on the basis of influences of design parameters, including coil turns number, spring stiffness, and plunger mass. Cvetkovic et al [11] investigated the effects of plunger pole shapes on the electromagnetic force of a fuel injector solenoid actuator using Maxwell software Their simulation results showed that electromagnetic force could be increased when the plunger pole shapes were changed. The previous studies [2,9,10,11,12,13,14,15,16,17,18,19,20,21,22] provided useful information when improving electromagnetic force in a solenoid by optimizing design parameters such as plunger shape, plunger mass, coil shape, coil turns, coil location, air gap, pole radius, and yoke thickness of the magnet. The effects of gas pressure in inlet, spring stiffness, and orifice diameter on the dynamic response of the EPR are investigated
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