Abstract
A generalized three‐dimensional computational numerical code is developed for Monolithic Microwave Integrated Circuit (MMIC) structures based on a full wave approach using integral equation techniques. The electromagnetic properties of the MMIC structures are calculated using a Method of Moments – Galerkin technique based on integral equations and the relevant Green function to obtain a rigorous formulation. The MMIC structures are assumed to have an arbitrary geometry involving orthogonal parallelepiped ‘cells’, each one of which is characterized with finite permittivity and conductivity values. A novel approach is proposed to treat the incident: reflected and transmitted waves at the two microstrip lines, which stand as input and output of the circuit. Their current distribution is also being taken into account in terms of incident, reflected and transferred waves. The derived matrix is being inverted and the obtained results are the unknown coefficients of the plane waves inside the ‘cells’ and also the reflection R and transfer T coefficients. The derived numerical results concern linear cases, while the examination of non‐linear structures have been taken into account in the analytical formulation.
Highlights
The continuous applications of microwave and millimeter-wave integrated circuits in microstrip and packaging technology have resulted to an emerging research interest about the analysis of layered electromagnetic structures
As a main problem arise the calculation of the effects related to both the dielectric and conducting parts of three dimension geometries
The Monolithic Microwave Integrated Circuit (MMIC) structures under consideration are assumed to be in their most general form. They are three dimensional, finite at size and are characterized with finite permittivity and conductivity values. This geometrical approach is the one that expresses in the most possible way the MMIC structural form often met in practice
Summary
The continuous applications of microwave and millimeter-wave integrated circuits in microstrip and packaging technology have resulted to an emerging research interest about the analysis of layered electromagnetic structures. Equation (7) can be written in the following complete form in order to include the case where the observation point is within the field source volumes, z0Þe jðkx ðxÀx0 Þþky ð yÀy0ÞÞ. The analysis assumes that each elementary cell and the two input and output transmission lines can both be considered as observation points and field sources. The derived system includes N þ 2 equations providing the electric field in all volumes and assuming as filed sources the N cells and the input and output transmission lines. Using the Galerkin technique the system of integral equations is converted to an algebraic linear non-homogenous one 1⁄211; 12 To this end both the unknown electric field and the field created by the sources are expanded in terms of piecewise basic functions being a superposition of plane waves as
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