Abstract
Emergency interconnected operation (EIO) between adjacent blocks in a water distribution system (WDS) is one of the most effective countermeasures of a water utility when abnormal conditions (e.g., suspended water supply, pipe burst) occur at a certain location. For improved WDS operation and management, calculating a reliable performance indicator that accurately represents the states of consumers under both normal and abnormal conditions is essential. In this study, a water supply performance indicator (WSPI) was developed for assessing the hydraulic performance of a WDS in terms of consumer usability and satisfaction. A fuzzy function is used to represent the consumer satisfaction with the water supply level, and the satisfaction of different consumers can be adjusted by setting the variables of the fuzzy function. The WSPI can be applied to a hydraulic analysis model based on data from an actual WDS to assess the water supply capacity for each node and the entire network. It can also be used in an advanced pressure-driven analysis model to assess the WDS performance under various abnormal conditions. The proposed WSPI was applied to six suspended water supply scenarios of an actual WDS with and without EIO to assess the effectiveness of this countermeasure.
Highlights
A water distribution system (WDS) has long been considered one of the most important types of infrastructure; its function is to provide consumers with a safe and sufficient water supply with adequate pressure and quality
By adjusting the spread f 1 and midpoint f, performance indicators (PIs) were developed to reflect the consumer satisfaction. f is proportional to the sensitivity of consumers to changes in the available supply against satisfaction. f1 is proportional to the sensitivity of consumers to changes in the available supply demand, and f2 is inversely proportional to consumer optimism
A new performance indicator was developed for a water distribution system that is called fuzzy membership performance measure (FMPM) to assess the Emergency interconnected operation (EIO) performance under emergency water supply conditions
Summary
A water distribution system (WDS) has long been considered one of the most important types of infrastructure; its function is to provide consumers with a safe and sufficient water supply with adequate pressure and quality. Since a WDS directly affects the quality of human life and overall economy, assessing its performance is essential for efficient system operation and management (O&M). This performance assessment can be used to identify the need for improvement or repair of the system. A number of studies have been conducted on performance assessment, and performance indicators (PIs) have been developed for WDS O&M in some countries [1,2,3,4]. PIs play a key role in the setting of objectives and development of effective countermeasures by providing an objective and reliable standard for assessment [5]
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