Development of a Crash Cushion Utilising Waste Tires as an Impact Absorber

Abstract

This paper presents the development of a crash cushion or crash attenuator utilising recycled automobile tires as an energy absorber. The study investigates the characteristics of waste tire stiffness, focusing on the effects of tire size and tire quantity. A mathematical model is proposed using numerical integration, implemented in MATLAB/Simulink to simulate the crash cushion’s behaviour under impact conditions. To validate the accuracy of mathematical model, comprehensive experimental crash tests are conducted. The results obtained from acceleration-time and deformation-time responses are meticulously compared between the experimental and simulated responses. The good agreement confirms the mathematical model’s accuracy and reliability in predicting crash cushion performance. Additionally, a parametric study is undertaken using the validated model, exploring the influence of impact speed, tire quantity, and tire stiffness on the crash cushion’s overall performance. The findings in this study offer valuable guidance for the design and optimisation of crash attenuators using recycled automobile tires. Ultimately, this research contributes to advancing sustainable and cost-effective road safety solutions by harnessing recycled materials for crash mitigation purposes. It underscores the potential of waste tires as effective energy absorbers in enhancing road safety infrastructure.