Abstract
We report a novel design and operation of a highly integrated miniature handheld OCT probe, with high-speed angiography function that can be used in clinical settings for young children and infants, providing rapid, non-invasive structural and angiographic imaging of the retina and choroid. The imaging system is operated at 200 kHz, with 3D OCT and OCTA scan time of 0.8 and 3.2 seconds, respectively, and the scanning angle on the pupil is ± 36°, covering the full perifoveal region. Operator assisting features of the direct-view iris camera and on-probe display are integrated into the hand-held probe, and the fixation target can display animations to attract the attention of young subjects. Compared to conventional OCT systems, the high-speed hand-held OCT system significantly improves the operator's experience and scanning efficiency, which is important for imaging infants. Imaging results indicate a significant reduction in total time consumption in pediatric ophthalmic imaging sessions, as well as the image quality of OCT angiography.
Highlights
Childhood blindness refers to a group of diseases and conditions, which, if not treated in time, can lead to permanent vision loss that can severely impact the quality of life of patients and their family
The model eye was specially designed to simulate adult human eyeball with a checker-board pattern printed on retinal-mimicking surface, which was used to calibrate commercial Optical coherence tomography (OCT) systems
We have focused on the improvement of the usability of the imaging system enabled by a number of innovations, including a direct-viewing iris camera, real-time orthogonal OCT image viewing, and an on-probe display
Summary
Childhood blindness refers to a group of diseases and conditions, which, if not treated in time, can lead to permanent vision loss that can severely impact the quality of life of patients and their family. It has been reported that retinopathy of prematurity (ROP), a vision-threatening disease associated with abnormal retinal vascular development, is a prevalent disease in premature infants and a leading cause for blindness in children in the developed as well as developing countries [1,2,3,4]. Most ROP regress spontaneously without treatment by the process of involution or evolution from a vasoproliferative phase to a fibrotic phase [7]; more severe cases need therapeutic treatment to prevent blindness. This calls for an effective neonatal screening and follow-up exams to assist early diagnosis and decision making. There are a number of disadvantages in BIO, including: 1) Time-consuming; 2) Painful and uncomfortable for the infants due to the use of speculum and indenter; and 3) Poor interobserver agreement
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