Abstract
This paper presents the development of the capacitive sensor to measure the growth of ice on a fuel pipe surface in real time. The ice sensor consists of pairs of electrodes to detect the change in capacitance and a thermocouple temperature sensor to examine the ice formation situation. In addition, an environmental chamber was specially designed to control the humidity and temperature to simulate the ice formation conditions. From the humidity, a water film is formed on the ice sensor, which results in an increase in capacitance. Ice nucleation occurs, followed by the rapid formation of frost ice that decreases the capacitance suddenly. The capacitance is saturated. The developed ice sensor explains the ice growth providing information about the icing temperature in real time.
Highlights
The monitoring of ice growth is an important issue in aviation and transportation systems because ice can cause severe accidents
This paper presents a cost-effective and small size capacitive ice sensor
The ice sensor detects in real time the change in capacitance, which is proportional to the increase in ice thickness
Summary
The monitoring of ice growth is an important issue in aviation and transportation systems because ice can cause severe accidents. The problem occurred in the engines when the aircraft was close to the airport and it was unable to reach the runway. It crash-landed just short of the runway—thankfully without any casualties [1]. In a sub-zero temperature environment, the presence or formation of ice must be detected in real time. This will allow the pilot or driver to take appropriate action. There are no available ice detectors for directly detecting the thickness of ice within fuel pipes rather than just the presence of ice. This paper presents a cost-effective and small size capacitive ice sensor. A specially designed environmental test system to simulate the sub-zero ice conditions is presented
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