Abstract
The lack of sustainable solutions to mobility and transportation is a major problem in Latin American cities and requires prompt solutions. The main issues in Latin America are the high-cost of solutions, no inclusion of renewable energies, poor energy management, the use of foreign systems not adapted to local contexts, ineffective regional legislation and politics, among others. In this paper the main technical issues concerning the implementation of a bike-sharing system using pedaling-assisted (PAS) electric bicycles for Bogota City are discussed and a solution is proposed. To solve such problems, a methodology to design a tailored solution well suited to Bogota citizen’s needs is developed. Such methodology starts with the development of an on-board-computer (OBC) in order to characterize bike-users by collecting a rider’s data in real-time. Furthermore, the proposed solution develops a low-cost middle-drive (mid-drive) propulsion system for the PAS in the electric bike using brushless-DC (BLDC) motors and by implementing a field-oriented controller (FOC). The reported bike-sharing system also includes the development and implementation of two charging-stations that enable charging the battery on the electric bikes exclusively by using photovoltaic energy. Experimental results are presented and discussed.
Highlights
Public transportation in Bogota City, Colombia, has critical and almost overwhelming problems that negatively impact the citizen’s quality of life [1,2]
We present the main results obtained for the characterization of e-bike users using the designed embedded system; the mid-drive type propulsion system designed for the electric bicycle designed embedded system; the mid-drive type propulsion system designed for the electric bicycle using BLDC motors and field-oriented controller (FOC); and, the development of charging stations for electric bikes using using BLDC motors and FOC; and, the development of charging stations for electric bikes using photovoltaic energy exclusively
This paper reported the development of a bike-sharing system for bikes with PAS for Bogota
Summary
Public transportation in Bogota City, Colombia, has critical and almost overwhelming problems (air pollution, traffic-jam, saturation, among others) that negatively impact the citizen’s quality of life [1,2]. In order to address this matter, several elements must be considered: (i) the identification and quantification of the Latin American bike-user’s needs, their habits and social context (e.g., high thefts rates and accidents); (ii) the use of assisted pedaling with low-cost sensors; (iii) the need to incorporate more efficient power alternatives, such as middle-drive (mid-drive) propulsion, that positively impacts the use of energy resources and the environment; (iv) the ability to offer warranties and customer service over all the system components; and (v) integration of the electric bicycle system with mobile applications for rental services, among others. In the present work are reported: (i) the characterization of Bogota bike-users using an embedded system; (ii) a mid-drive type propulsion system for the electric bicycle using brushless-DC (BLDC) motors and field-oriented controllers (FOC); and (iii) the development of charging stations for electric bikes exclusively using photovoltaic energy.
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