Abstract
This study proposes an innovative three-dimensional printing technology with submersion-light apparatus. A zirconia powder with an average particle size of 0.5 µm is mixed with 1,6-Hexanediol diacrylate (HDDA) and photo-initiator to form a slurry. The weight percentage of zirconia powder to HDDA is 70:30 wt.%. A light engine box is submerged in a slurry and emits a layered pattern to induce photopolymerization and transform a slurry into a printed green body. Green body sintering parameters for the first and second stages are 380 °C with a holding time of 1.5 h and 1550 °C with a holding time of 2 h. The sintered parts’ length, width, and height shrinkage ratios are 29.9%, 29.7%, and 30.6%. The ball milling decreases the powder particle size to 158 ± 16 nm and the mean grain size of the sintered part is 423 ± 25 nm. The sintered part has an average hardness of 1224 (HV), a density of 5.45 g/cm3, and a flexural strength of 641.04 MPa. A three-unit zirconia dental bridge also has been fabricated with a clinically acceptable marginal gap.
Highlights
Vat photopolymerization technology is classified according to the direction of the light projected onto the photocurable liquid resin: the top-down and bottom-up methods
Stereolithography (SL) is a top-down method of a three-dimensional additive manufacturing process that uses light to induce photopolymerization. It is used for three-dimensional (3D) printing of photocurable ceramic slurry
The photocurable ceramic slurry consists of ceramic powder and a photocurable resin
Summary
Vat photopolymerization technology is classified according to the direction of the light projected onto the photocurable liquid resin: the top-down and bottom-up methods. Stereolithography (SL) is a top-down method of a three-dimensional additive manufacturing process that uses light to induce photopolymerization. It is used for three-dimensional (3D) printing of photocurable ceramic slurry. The content of the ceramic powder inside the ceramic slurry has a significant effect on the viscosity coefficient of the slurry. The higher the content of powder in the slurry, the greater its viscosity coefficient. Some 3D printing methods often use scrapers in the recoating layer process to eliminate surface tension in the recoated layer and agitate the slurry to inhibit the precipitation of powder particles [1]. An agitator is frequently added to a top-down type SL printer to ensure that the powder is suspended in the slurry
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