Development of 3D printing scaffolds by sacrificial ice support layers

Abstract

Most 3D printing processes involve support layers for overhanging surfaces requiring a difficult removal procedure. The research is aimed at using ice as a support layer. The support layers are made by depositing water that is solidified in a cryogenic chamber to avoid the collapse of the original models, which are eventually removed by melting ice. The results show that objects needing supports layers can be printed. Although the presented technique streamlines the process of eliminating supporting layers, the surface roughness and geometric tolerance are affected by the heat generated by the molten polymer on the ice layer.