Abstract
PurposeTo investigate the development of peak power output (PP) and mean power output (MP) during two different modes of exercise in relation to sex and concurrent changes in age, body mass, fat-free mass (FFM), maturity status and, in the case of MP, peak oxygen uptake ( dot{V}{text{O}}_{2} ).MethodsPP and MP were determined cycling against a fixed braking force (Wingate anaerobic test) and running on a non-motorized treadmill. Peak dot{V}{text{O}}_{2} was determined using cycle ergometry and treadmill running. 135 (63 girls) students initially aged 11–14 years were tested over 2 days on three annual occasions. The data were analysed using multiplicative allometric modelling which enables the effects of variables to be partitioned concurrently within an allometric framework. Multiplicative models were founded on 301 (138 from girls) determinations of PP and MP on each ergometer.ResultsWith body mass controlled for, both PP and MP increased with age but maturity status did not independently contribute to any of the multiplicative allometric models. Boys’ PP and MP were significantly (p < 0.05) higher than girls’ values on both ergometers. On both ergometers in both sexes, the most powerful morphological influence on PP and MP was FFM. Ergometer-specific peak dot{V}{text{O}}_{2} had a significant (p < 0.05), additional effect in explaining the development of MP.ConclusionsThe development of short-term power output is sex specific but within sex multiplicative allometric models of running- and cycling-determined PP and MP were similar, suggesting that either mode of exercise can be used in future studies of short-term power output in youth.
Highlights
Young people’s aerobic power determined running on a treadmill or pedalling on a cycle ergometer is well documented but short-term power output (STP) principally reliant on anaerobic metabolism is less extensively researched
Power output in the Wingate anaerobic test (WAnT) is calculated from maximal pedalling cadence against a fixed braking force with peak power output (PP) recorded within a few seconds of exercise onset and total power output averaged over the 30 s test period and expressed as mean power output (MP)
The highest 30 s V O2 attained was accepted as a maximal index if clear signs of intense exertion were demonstrated and supported by a respiratory exchange ratio greater than 1.00 and a heart rate which was levelling-off over the final stages of the test at a value within 5% of the mean ergometer-specific maximal heart rates we have previously reported for 11- to 16-yearolds (Armstrong et al 1991)
Summary
Young people’s aerobic power (peak oxygen uptake; peak V O2 ) determined running on a treadmill or pedalling on a cycle ergometer is well documented but short-term power output (STP) principally reliant on anaerobic metabolism is less extensively researched. Several methods of assessing STP have been explored, understanding of STP in childhood and adolescence is principally derived from performance on variants of the Wingate anaerobic test (WAnT) (Williams and Ratel 2017). Power output in the WAnT is calculated from maximal pedalling cadence against a fixed braking force with peak power output (PP) recorded within a few seconds of exercise onset and total power output averaged over the 30 s test period and expressed as mean power output (MP). The influence of peak V O2 on the development of 11- to 16-year-olds’ MP is unknown
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