Abstract
This review article highlights and summarizes the recent developments in the field of surface modification methods for aramid fibers. Special focus is on methods that create a multifunctional fiber surface by incorporating nanostructures and enabling mechanical interlocking. To give a complete picture of adhesion promotion with aramids, the specific questions related to the challenges in aramid-matrix bonding are also shortly presented. The main discussion of the surface modification approaches is divided into sections according to how material is added to the fiber surface; (1) coating, (2) grafting and (3) growing. To provide a comprehensive view of the most recent developments in the field, other methods with similar outcomes, are also shortly reviewed. To conclude, future trends and insights are discussed.
Highlights
Aramids are a group of wholly aromatic polyamides
Aramid fibers are used in composites as continuous filaments, fiber bundles and tows, short cut fibers, pulp, fabric, powder and paper depending on the application
The results indicate that perhaps a non-toxic and environmental approach can be found that could replace resorcinol formaldehyde latex (RFL) in the future
Summary
Aramids are a group of wholly aromatic polyamides. They are synthetic fibers with high elastic modulus, high tensile strength, low density, high resistance to abrasion and excellent chemical stability [1,2]. This type of interphase is not dependent on the chemical compatibility of the materials but has benefits from a frictional bond, which has a significant advantage Another benefit of this approach is that the structures created on to the fiber surface can be considered permanent and the surface treatment can withstand longer storage times. This review highlights the recent developments in the field of surface treatments for aramid fibers that enhance adhesion by creating a multifunctional fiber surface combined with mechanical interlocking of the fiber and matrix. In this context, a multifunctional surface is considered to be a surface that offers other benefits or properties besides adhesion promotion to the surface. The last section presents some other novel approaches that enable mechanical interlocking and create multifunctional fiber surfaces to highlight the fact that material addition is not the only way to create hierarchy at the fiber surface
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