Development and verification of mechanical characteristics of a composite material made of a thermoplastic matrix and short glass fibers

Madina Isametova,Nikolay Dishovsky,Gazel Abilezova,Petar Velev

doi:10.15587/1729-4061.2021.243149

Abstract

The paper presents the results of computer modeling and prediction of the mechanical properties of composite materials with a polycarbonate matrix filled with short glass inclusions. At the micro-level, the influence of the volume of inclusions on the mechanical properties of the designed composite based on polycarbonate matrix is studied in the DIGIMAT (France) program. It was found that with a ratio of the sizes of inclusions in the range of 468÷60, the particles have a needle shape, and the material with such inclusions has a higher stress limit and elastic modulus than with a shape coefficient less than 50. The components of the fiber orientation tensor were also determined, at which the values of computer modeling are in good agreement with experimental data. The influence of the size of the finite element grid on the characteristics of the composite at the macro level was studied, and recommendations were given for choosing the size of the face of the finite element. The adequacy of computer models was confirmed by the results of field tests. The paper presents the results of testing flat samples made by injection molding technology. Mechanical tests were carried out for three variants of samples made of composite material based on a polycarbonate matrix with 10 %, 20 % and 30 % inclusions. The discrepancy between the experimental and computer results for samples with 10 %, 20 % content of short chopped fibers is explained by the influence of technological factors on the properties of the material at the macro-level. The conducted research allowed us to develop a computer modeling technique used at the stage of development of polymer composites based on thermoplastic matrices with short glass inclusions

Highlights

One of the most effective ways to improve modern structures is the introduction of new high-strength and high-modulus composite materials into production
An impeller with complex geometry can be made of polymer materials by technological processes of pressing and injection molding [1,2,3]
When studying the influence of fiber orientation on the mechanical properties of composites based on a polycarbonate matrix and glass inclusions, the diagram in Fig. 4 shows a large variation in the results of the mechanical characteristics of the composite

Summary

Introduction

One of the most effective ways to improve modern structures is the introduction of new high-strength and high-modulus composite materials into production. There is no general theoretical approach to predict the influence of the filler on the deformation behavior and the mechanism of destruction of composites, which often creates significant difficulties in the development of new materials with specified mechanical characteristics and requires a large number of experiments that do not always give positive results. These circumstances determine the relevance of studies of the mechanical properties of filled polymers using computer-aided design systems. Given the complexity of the task, modeling and analysis of composite structures should be carried out with the involvement of the most modern engineering analysis systems (or СAE systems) implementing the finite element method (FEM) [8,9,10,11]

Literature review and problem statement

The aim and objectives of the study

Materials and methods

Discussion of computer modeling and experimental results

Findings

Conclusions