Abstract
Self-esteem is no longer a new concept in the field of psychology in the whole world in general as well as in Vietnam in particular. There is a rich diversity of self-esteem measurement tools that have been devised and developed. However, in Vietnam, most of the researchers only use the original measurement tools without adapting them to the cultural-social context of Vietnam. Hence, this research aims to evaluate the construction and reliability of an existing popular measurement tool of self-esteem in Europe—which is ETES—in the context of Vietnamese culture. An empirical study was conducted in Vietnam and 1505 valid responses of adolescents were collected. Five sub-scales— which are physical self, emotional self, academic-future self, social self and familial self—were identified through an exploratory factor analysis. The last dimension (familial self) is considered a typical self-esteem area of Vietnamese adolescents. The test-retest reliability demonstrates strong reproducibility of the self-esteem scale and subscales. This new tool is useful for examining how often adolescents in Vietnam evaluate their self-esteem.
Highlights
The development of the young is one of any countries’ most compelling concerns
Even though there were no complete compatibilities among these fields, generally we can affirm that these fields are only relative in nature because the simulation and evaluation of each individual may vary according to different aspects
We believe this number of subjects could guarantee the margin of error allowed in order to produce the most general conclusions about self-esteem of Vietnamese adolescents
Summary
The development of the young is one of any countries’ most compelling concerns. Vietnam is a developing country and the adolescents in this country—like in any other developing ones—must face up to numerous trials directly linked to the significant changes that the economic and social climate are going through. An overview of previous research on self-esteem shows that a lot of measurement tools have been used on the sample group of Vietnamese such as the Toulouse Self-Esteem Scale [2], the Coopersmith Self-Esteem Inventory [3], the Culture-Free Self-Esteem (Battle, 1981, cited according to [4]), the Rosenberg scale [5], the Harter scale [6], etc. These tools have been translated into Vietnamese and used increasingly in the practice of psychology in Vietnam.
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