Abstract
The National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) has conducted an exposure assessment study of herbicide applicators exposed to numerous commercial acetanilide-containing products. An enzyme-linked immunosorbant assay (ELISA) was developed to measure the putative major human metabolite of one of these, metolachlor mercapturate (MM). Antibodies were obtained by immunizing rabbits with a keyhole limpet hemocyanin (KLH) MM conjugate and the sera used as a source of IgG antibodies for the ELISA development. The percent cross-reactivities for metolachlor (ME), acetochlor mercapturate (ACM), alachlor mercapturate (AM) and alachlor (AL) were 39 and 23, respectively. Cross-reactivity for alachlor mercapturate (AM) and alachlor (AL) are not given as 50% inhibition was not observed for the highest concentration tested. Percent inhibitions at 20 μg l −1 for MM, ME, ACM, AM and AL were 20, 29, 48, 72 and 90, respectively. The measured least detectable dose (LDD) of metolachlor mercapturate was 0.18 μg l −1. Inter-assay concordance was <15%. These data indicate that the MM ELISA developed in this study may be used to estimate body burdens of ME from urinary metabolites of herbicide applicators.
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