Development and Validation of a Situational Judgement Test to Assess Professionalism

Abstract

Objective. The purpose of this study was to develop, pilot, and validate a situational judgement test (SJT) to assess professionalism in Doctor of Pharmacy (PharmD) students. Methods. Test specifications were developed and faculty members were educated on best practices in item writing for SJTs. The faculty members then developed 75 pilot scenarios. From those, two versions of the SJT, each containing 25 scenarios, were created. The pilot population for the SJT was student pharmacists in their third professional year, just prior to starting their advanced pharmacy practice experiences. The students completed the two versions of the test on different days, approximately 48 hours apart, with 50 minutes allowed to complete each. Subsequently, students completed a questionnaire regarding the SJT at the conclusion of the second test. Results. Version 1 of the SJT was completed by 228 students, and version 2 was completed by 225 students. Mean scores were 390 (SD=20, range 318-429) and 342 (SD=21, range 263-387) on test versions 1 and 2, respectively. The reliability of the tests was appropriate (test version 1, α=0.77; test version 2, α=0.79). Students felt that the content of the tests was realistic with respect to pharmacy practice (90.1%), and that the tests gave them an opportunity to reflect on how to approach challenging situations (82.6%). Conclusion. We developed a reliable SJT to assess professionalism in PharmD students. Future research should focus on creating a personalized learning plan for students who do not meet minimum performance standards on this SJT.