Abstract
The present study was to develop a prognostic nomogram to predict overall survival (OS) and cancer-specific survival (CSS) in early-onset colon cancer (COCA, age < 50). Patients diagnosed as COCA between 2004 and 2015 were retrieved from the surveillance, epidemiology, and end results (SEER) database. All included patients were assigned into training and validation sets. Univariate and multivariate analysis were used to identify independent prognostic variables for the construction of nomogram. The discrimination and calibration plots were used to measure the accuracy of the nomogram. A total of 11220 patients were included from the SEER database. The nomograms were established based on the variables significantly associated with OS and CSS using cox regression models. Calibration plots indicated that both nomograms in OS and CSS exhibited high correlation to actual observed results. The nomograms also displayed improved discrimination power than tumor-node-metastasis (TNM) stage and SEER stage both in the training and validation sets. The monograms established in the present study provided an alternative tool to both OS and CSS prognostic prediction compared with TNM and SEER stages.
Highlights
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the common malignant death-caused diseases worldwide [1]
The incidence and death rates have been reduced in CRC patients older than 50, the incidence of early-onset CRC increases by 22% and the death rate increases by 13% in the United States during the last decade [1]
The clinicopathological data of all colon cancer (COCA) patients were retrieved from the SEER program of the United States National Cancer Institute (NCI)
Summary
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the common malignant death-caused diseases worldwide [1]. In the United States, CRC patients were newly registered in approximately 130000 cases with over 50000 death reports [1]. In Europe, CRC is both the second common cause of death in the European Union with 215000 cases and second common cancer sites with 447000 cases [2]. In Singapore, CRC ranks top in incidence and second in cause of cancer death [3]. The incidence and death rates of CRC have been increasing in China [4]. The incidence and death rates have been reduced in CRC patients older than 50, the incidence of early-onset CRC (age < 50) increases by 22% and the death rate increases by 13% in the United States during the last decade [1]
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