Development and Validation of a Physical Activity-Based Freedom of Movement in Kindergarten

Abstract

Objectives. This study aimed to develop and validate a learning model of physical activity-based freedom of movement in kindergarten. Materials and methods. This study used a design-based research (DBR) method, which involved twelve experts in early childhood education and physical activity education to help validate the learning model. The stages of development included research and information collecting, planning, development of a preliminary product form, and validation. A statistical analysis was carried out using Aiken’s V value to test the model’s validity. Results. This study successfully developed a learning model of physical activity-based freedom of movement in kindergarten, consisting of four main elements: “I love the Earth”, “I love Indonesia”, “Playing and cooperating” / ”We are all siblings”, and “My imagination” / “Imagination and creativity”. Based on the validity test conducted with twelve experts, the learning model of physical activity-based freedom of movement in kindergarten received an Aiken’s V value of 0.82, which exceeds the minimum standard of 0.80. Conclusions. The findings indicate that implementing the learning model of physical activity-based freedom of movement has been considered as an appropriate pedagogical approach for kindergarten learning. The analysis shows that the model is aligned with children’s developmental needs and supports an interactive and creative learning approach consistent with the Merdeka Curriculum in Indonesia.