Development and validation of a liquid chromatography isotope dilution mass spectrometry method for the reliable quantification of alkylphenols in environmental water samples by isotope pattern deconvolution

Abstract

We present here a new measurement method for the rapid extraction and accurate quantification of technical nonylphenol (NP) and 4-t-octylphenol (OP) in complex matrix water samples by UHPLC-ESI-MS/MS. The extraction of both compounds is achieved in 30min by means of hollow fiber liquid phase microextraction (HF-LPME) using 1-octanol as acceptor phase, which provides an enrichment (preconcentration) factor of 800. On the other hand we have developed a quantification method based on isotope dilution mass spectrometry (IDMS) and singly 13C1-labeled compounds. To this end the minimal labeled 13C1-4-(3,6-dimethyl-3-heptyl)-phenol and 13C1-t-octylphenol isomers were synthesized, which coelute with the natural compounds and allows the compensation of the matrix effect. The quantification was carried out by using isotope pattern deconvolution (IPD), which permits to obtain the concentration of both compounds without the need to build any calibration graph, reducing the total analysis time. The combination of both extraction and determination techniques have allowed to validate for the first time a HF-LPME methodology at the required levels by legislation achieving limits of quantification of 0.1ngmL−1 and recoveries within 97–109%. Due to the low cost of HF-LPME and total time consumption, this methodology is ready for implementation in routine analytical laboratories.