Abstract
BackgroundColon cancer is a common and highly malignant cancer. Its morbidity is rapidly increasing, and its prognosis is poor. Currently, immunotherapy is a rapidly developing therapeutic modality of colon cancer. This study aimed to construct a prognostic risk model based on immune genes for the early diagnosis and accurate prognostic prediction of colon cancer.MethodsTranscriptomic data and clinical data were downloaded from The Cancer Genome Atlas database. Immune genes were obtained from the ImmPort database. Differentially expressed (DE) immune genes between 473 colon cancer and 41 adjacent normal tissues were identified. The entire cohort was randomly divided into the training and testing cohort. The training cohort was used to construct the prognostic model. The testing and entire cohorts were used to validate the model. The clinical utility of the model and its correlation with immune cell infiltration were analyzed.ResultsA total of 333 DE immune genes (176 up-regulated and 157 down-regulated) were detected. We developed and validated a five-immune gene model of colon cancer, including LBP, TFR2, UCN, UTS2, and MC1R. This model was approved to be an independent prognostic variable, which was more accurate than age and the pathological stage for predicting overall survival at five years. Besides, as the risk score increased, the content of CD8+ T cells in colon cancer was decreased.ConclusionsWe developed and validated a five-immune gene model of colon cancer, including LBP, TFR2, UCN, UTS2, and MC1R. This model could be used as an instrumental variable in the prognosis prediction of colon cancer.
Highlights
Colon cancer is a common and highly malignant cancer
Correlation between the model and immune cell infiltration To understand whether the model could reflect the status of the tumor immune microenvironment in colon cancer patients, we evaluated the correlation between the risk score of the model and immune cell infiltration in the entire The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) cohort
Basic information Gene expression profile of 514 samples (473 tumors and 41 adjacent normals) for colon cancer patients was obtained from TCGA database
Summary
Colon cancer is a common and highly malignant cancer. Its morbidity is rapidly increasing, and its prognosis is poor. Immunotherapy is a rapidly developing therapeutic modality of colon cancer. This study aimed to construct a prognostic risk model based on immune genes for the early diagnosis and accurate prognostic prediction of colon cancer. Colon cancer is the third most common type of malignant tumor, which affects millions of people worldwide [1]. Despite significant advances that have been made for the treatment of colon cancer, its morbidity is rapidly increasing and its 5-year survival rate is low [2, 3]. The treatment of colon cancer has evolved to include the traditional methods of surgery, chemotherapy, and radiotherapy, but the rapidly developing immunotherapy [4].
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