DEVELOPMENT AND USE OF A MODULAR HEATER OF INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE FOR MULTI-PURPOSE VEHICLES

Abstract

The operation of power facilities in winter, characterized by low ambient temperatures reaching minus 50 degrees Celsius, requires their adaptation to work in such conditions. With a decrease in the ambient temperature, the vaporization of gasoline also worsens, the ignition conditions of the working mixture in the cylinders of diesel cars change, the power consumption of batteries increases when starting a cold engine. (Research purpose) The research purpose is conducting a patent search and creating a reliable, highly efficient thermoelectric heating device with a low cost, which allows improving the performance of a power vehicle (car) working in winter conditions. (Materials and methods) The KamAZ-55111 car, adapted to low-temperature conditions of use, with a thermoelectric heating module installed, was studied. The tests were carried out according to generally accepted general and particular methods using specialized mathematical calculation programs, experimental modeling and regression analysis methods. (Results and discussion) It was determined that when the engine is running, the exhaust gases heat the exhaust pipe and the surface of the device installed on it with the Peltier element. When the vehicle is moving, the temperature difference increases with the flow of cold air, which provides an increase in electrical energy for charging the traction alkaline battery, then through the controller to the electric heating element for heating and maintaining the optimal temperature of the working fluids and components of the car. It was found that the heating time of the hydraulic cylinder working fluid from minus 40 to plus 30 degrees Celsius was 0.5 hours. (Conclusions) The proposed device made it possible to warm up and maintain the optimal engine start temperature. In 0.5 hours, we received an economic effect in the amount of 38.5 thousand rubles.