Abstract
The aim of the present investigation is to develop and statistically optimize the osmotically controlled asymmetric membrane capsules of solid dispersion of lycopene. Solid dispersions of lycopene with β-cyclodextrin in different ratios were prepared using solvent evaporation method. Solubility studies showed that the solid dispersion with 1 : 5 (lycopene : β-cyclodextrin) exhibited optimum solubility (56.25 mg/mL) for osmotic controlled delivery. Asymmetric membrane capsules (AMCs) were prepared on glass mold pins via dip coating method. Membrane characterization by scanning electron microscopy showed inner porous region and outer dense region. Central composite design response surface methodology was applied for the optimization of AMCs. The independent variables were ethyl cellulose (X 1), glycerol (X 2), and NaCl (X 3) which were varied at different levels to analyze the effect on dependent variables (percentage of cumulative drug release (Y 1) and correlation coefficient of drug release (Y 2)). The effect of independent variables on the response was significantly influential. The F18 was selected as optimized formulation based on percentage of CDR (cumulative drug release) of 85.63% and correlation coefficient of 0.9994. The optimized formulation was subjected to analyze the effect of osmotic pressure and agitational intensity on percentage of CDR. The drug release was independent of agitational intensity but was dependent on osmotic pressure of dissolution medium.
Highlights
The most important properties of oral drug delivery system are better patient compliance and ease of administration; due to this, oral delivery systems gain large share of market among various novel drug delivery technologies
The zero-order drug release kinetics of osmotic drug delivery system is independent on the chemical properties of the drug, physiological factors related to patients, or intake of food [3, 4], and it depends upon osmotic pressure of core components and formulation factors, including solubility of drug within the tablet core, characteristics of semipermeable membrane, and the size of orifice [5]
Low solubility of lycopene indicated the need of solubility enhancement, as with low solubility the release of drug from the Asymmetric membrane capsules (AMCs) would be erratic
Summary
The most important properties of oral drug delivery system are better patient compliance and ease of administration; due to this, oral delivery systems gain large share of market among various novel drug delivery technologies. For controlled delivery of drugs, the most efficient strategy available is osmotic devices based reliable drug delivery systems [1]. These types of systems work on the principle of osmosis. Osmotic pressure is generated by active material in itself or induced with the help of osmogen When this system comes in contact with gastrointestinal tract, the fluid enters into the preparation and dissolves the active material in the core [2]. Higher rate of water influx is one of the main advantages of asymmetric membrane capsule allowing the drug release with lower osmotic pressures or lower solubilities [8].
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