Abstract
Radionuclide generator systems can routinely provide radionuclides on demand such as 68Ga produced by a 68Ge/68Ga generator without the availability of an on-site accelerator or a research reactor. Thus, in this work nano-SnO2 was used to develop a new 68Ge/68Ga generator which was evaluated over a period of 17 months and 305 elution cycles. The elution yield was 91.1 ± 1.8% in the first 7 mL (1 M HCl as eluent) when the generator was new and then it decreased with time and use to 73.8 ± 1.9%. Around 80% of the elutable 68Ga activity was obtained in 1 mL and the 68Ge content in the eluate did not exceed 1 × 10–4% over the investigation period when it was eluted regularly. The described generator provided adequate results for radiolabelling of DOTA-TOC with direct use of eluate. In addition, [68Ga]Ga-DOTA-TOC was tested satisfactorily for in vivo tumor detection by microPET/CT imaging in a lung cancer mouse model.
Highlights
Radionuclide generator systems can routinely provide radionuclides on demand such as 68Ga produced by a 68Ge/68Ga generator without the availability of an on-site accelerator or a research reactor
We have demonstrated the suitability of the generator-eluted 68Ga for the radiolabelling of 1,4,7,10-tetraazacyclododecane-N,N′,N′′,N′′′-tetraacetic acid-d-Phe(1)-Tyr(3)-octreotide (DOTA-TOC) with the final aim of performing Positron Emission Tomography (PET) imaging studies in a preclinical mouse model of lung cancer
The elution yield of 68Ga was higher when eluted with 1 M HCl (91.1 ± 1.8%; n = 50), compared to elution with 0.5 M HCl (70.1 ± 3.5%; n = 68) when the generator was operated in the “wet” mode at 1 mL/min (Supplementary Table S1 online)
Summary
Radionuclide generator systems can routinely provide radionuclides on demand such as 68Ga produced by a 68Ge/68Ga generator without the availability of an on-site accelerator or a research reactor. This generator is eluted with 0.1 M HCl and shows a 68Ga elution yield > 80% with a 68Ge breakthrough not more than 5 × 10–3% when the generator is fresh. Eckert & Ziegler (Germany) manufacture a similar TiO2-based generator which provides improved elution characteristics and has been approved for clinical use under the brand name of ‘GalliaPharm®’ in Europe and the United States. This system is eluted with 7 mL of 0.1 M HCl with a 68Ga elution efficiency of about 70% when the generator is new; this value can drop somewhat if the generator is not eluted for a few days. Metallic impurities in the 68Ga eluate vary between 1 and 10 ppm for Cu, Fe, Al, Mn and Ti ions[13]
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