Abstract
This work presents a new polyester binder based on 2,5-furandicarboxylic acid (FDCA) as precursors of polyurethane (PU) coatings. The new 100% bio-based structure is composed of four different monomers such as glycerine (Gly), 1,3-propanediol (1,3-PD), 2,5-furandicarboxylic acid (FDCA) and succinic acid (SA). The corresponding PU coating was obtained by crosslinking with a conventional polyisocyanate (Vestanat 1890/100). Evaluation of technological performances is present and benchmarked against partially bio-based (75% renewable carbon) polyester binder and fossil-based polyester binder, already developed in one of our previous work. The study showed a stiffer PU coating and a more hydrophilic character leading to better adhesion where a possible potential application may be interesting as an intermediate layer/primer in the field of metal coating (coil coating, automotive). Afterwards, the evaluation of the total impact of greenhouse gas emissions (GHG), the total non-renewable energy use (NREU) by the Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) for the new polyester binder are included on a cradle-to-gate approach, and considering an FDCA production process starting from sugar beet (primary data). The results showed a very noteworthy reduction in terms of GHG emissions (− 36 and − 79%) and a noticeable reduction impact in terms of NREU (− 38 and − 60%) compared to 75% bio-based and fossil-based polyester binders respectively. Moreover, a sensitivity analysis regarding sugar production from beet cultivation was developed through different LCA calculation methodologies. Those methodologies showed a not very significant difference between them.Graphical
Highlights
Polyurethanes (PUs) are one of the most used coating materials in many manufacturing sectors due to their excellent durability and mechanical properties [1]
This study focuses on the ‘Cumulative Energy Demand’ [35] (v1.09) method which covers the impact category of non-renewable energy use (NREU) including fossil and nuclear energy and the ‘Greenhouse Gas Protocol (GGP)’ (v1.01) method which covers the impact category of greenhouse gas emissions (GHG) emissions
Footprint of the different alternatives analysed. This method leads to measure the amount of greenhouse gases emitted to the atmosphere contributing to global climate change, which includes emissions from fossil and biogenic carbon sources, emissions caused by land use change and carbon uptake by plants over a 100-year time horizon
Summary
Polyurethanes (PUs) are one of the most used coating materials in many manufacturing sectors (automotive, furniture, heavy duty) due to their excellent durability and mechanical properties [1]. One of the emerging topics in modern PU technology is the exploitation of monomers and macromers from renewable resources to improve the environmental sustainability while preserving the excellent technical performances [3, 4]. Many works on bio-based PU coatings have appeared in literature for different applications [5, 6]. By a careful selection of different polyols and isocyanates, a variety of PUs with specific properties can be developed for a broad range of industrial applications like foams, paints, thermoplastics, fibers and adhesives [7,8,9]
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