Abstract
VRNgenes, determining wheat sensitivity to vernalization, are the main genetic system that defnes the duration of the entire growing period and the durations of the main organogenesis phases. To date, several alleles have been described forVRN-1loci, and allelespecifc primers have been developed that allow rapid identifcation of allelic spectra in common wheat varieties and lines. The unequal influence of different alleles ofVRN-1loci on the duration of the growing period has also been shown; however, there is little information on the effect of the combination of different alleles on heading time. In developing genotypes having different alleles of dominantVRNgenes on the base of the same genetic background, it is necessary to study the genetic effects ofVRNgenes on the duration of the growing season and the individual developmental phases, as well as on productivity. Most varieties presently grown in Russia carry the dominant alleles of twoVRN-1genes:Vrn-A1aandVrn-B1aorVrn-B1c; thus, the task was to create lines combining the dominant alleles ofVrn-A1awithVrn-B1aandVrn-B1cagainst the genetic background of the winter variety Bezostaya 1 (Bez1Vrn-A1a/Vrn-B1aand Bez1Vrn-A1a/Vrn-B1c). Homozygous plants were isolated in the F2 generation by using known allelespecifc primers for theVrn-A1andVrn-B1loci. The durations of the tillering–frst node period, which is the key stage determining growing duration, and the period from shoots to heading were signifcantly reduced in lines with a combination of two dominant alleles ofVRN-1loci compared to isogenic lines of Bezostaya 1 with the dominant allelesVrn-B1aandVrn-B1c. The duration of these developmental phases also decreased in the obtained lines as compared to the isogenic line containing the dominantVrn-A1aallele, but the differences were not signifcant. No substantial differences were found in the duration of other growing phases in lines with two dominant alleles of theVRN-1loci as compared to isogenic lines of Bezostaya 1.
Highlights
Получение и изучение линий мягкой пшеницы по озимому сорту Безостая 1 с комбинацией доминантных аллелей локусов VRN-1
The main genetic systems that initiate the transition of wheat plants from the vegetative to the generative stage of development are the genes for vernalization (VRN ) and photoperiod sensitivity (PPD) (Snape et al, 2001; Kamran et al, 2014)
The main loci that determine sensitivity to the photoperiod (PPD-1) in wheat were mapped on the short arms of the second homoeologous group chromosomes: 2D, 2B, and 2A (Worland et al, 1998; Snape et al, 2001)
Summary
Получение и изучение линий мягкой пшеницы по озимому сорту Безостая 1 с комбинацией доминантных аллелей локусов VRN-1. У полученных линий с комбинацией двух доминантных аллелей локусов VRN-1 достоверно уменьшалась продолжительность перио да «кущение – первый узел», который представляет собой ключевой этап, определяющий продолжительность веге тационного периода и периода от всходов до колошения по сравнению с изогенными линиями по сорту Безостая 1 с доминантными аллелями Vrn-B1a и Vrn-B1c. The main genetic systems that initiate the transition of wheat plants from the vegetative to the generative stage of development are the genes for vernalization (VRN ) and photoperiod sensitivity (PPD) (Snape et al, 2001; Kamran et al, 2014). The main loci that determine sensitivity to the photoperiod (PPD-1) in wheat were mapped on the short arms of the second homoeologous group chromosomes: 2D, 2B, and 2A (Worland et al, 1998; Snape et al, 2001)
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