Development and In Vivo Test of Sol-Gel Derived Bone Grafting Materials

Abstract

A novel bioceramic derived via sol gel method was developed and very good resorption properties in long term period of implantation were established. Calcium phosphate materials are bioactive, osteoconductive materials used as guides for bone regeneration. An identical sequence of events apparently occurred at the contact of the ceramics when implanted in vivo. Two kinds of calcium phosphate ceramics have been produced in a form of threads with 1 mm in diameter: hydroxyapatite SiO2-containing ceramic and hydroxyapatite—β-tricalcium phosphate SiO2-containing ceramic. Above mentioned calcium phosphate ceramic established an interconnecting macroporous structure, which is responsible for growth of bone and for replacement of ceramic by bone. Three ranges of pores were designed. Viscosity measurements were made to control the point of gelation and production phase of transplant material. In vivo experiments were carried out for 5 weeks and 8 months. The results after the short period of examination have shown the early stage of bone formation and material dissolution. Within 6 months nearly 100% of implanted ceramic was resorpted and new bone around place of intervention was formed.