Abstract
<p indent=0mm>The development of modern clinical microbiology in China could be traced back to the early 1900s. With the change of medical demands of society and spectrum of major diseases in China, the discipline of clinical microbiology underwent essential development. In the early stage, laboratory work paid much attention to major and high-risk communicable diseases. From the 1980s to the 1990s, clinical laboratories began to focus on diagnosis and treatment of non-communicable infectious diseases. Today, clinical microbiology has become a comprehensive field with a wide range of clinical specialties, which undertakes responsibilities and tasks of supporting precision clinical diagnosis and treatment, curbing spread of antimicrobial resistance and fighting epidemic of infectious diseases. The development of clinical microbiology, especially in the 21st century, is closely related to advances in biology and computer sciences. In this paper, we review the major progress of modern clinical microbiology in China in the past <sc>100 years,</sc> appraise the current status of the discipline, and predict future directions for research in this field.
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