"Development and evaluation of the Internalized Racism in Asian Americans Scale (IRAAS)": Correction to Choi, Israel, and Maeda (2017).

Abstract

Reports an error in "Development and evaluation of the Internalized Racism in Asian Americans Scale (IRAAS)" by Andrew Young Choi, Tania Israel and Hotaka Maeda (Journal of Counseling Psychology, 2017[Jan], Vol 64[1], 52-64). In this erratum, the first sentence under the Centers for Epidemiologic Studies-Depression Scale, Short Form (CES-D-10) subheading in the Measures section, "(0 = rarely or none of the time to 4 = all of the time)" should be "(0 = rarely or none of the time to 3 = all of the time)" to reflect the appropriate Likert metric. In the first sentence under the Confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) subheading in the Procedure section, "rotation" should be excluded as this technique is only applicable in the EFA context. In the last sentence under the CFA subheading in the Cross-validation section, "statically" should be "statistically." And in the third sentence of the third paragraph of the Discussion section, "interethnic" should be "intraracial" to appropriately represent within-race discrimination (rather than between ethnicity). (The following abstract of the original article appeared in record 2017-00131-004.) This article presents the development and psychometric evaluation of the Internalized Racism in Asian Americans Scale (IRAAS), which was designed to measure the degree to which Asian Americans internalized hostile attitudes and negative messages targeted toward their racial identity. Items were developed on basis of prior literature, vetted through expert feedback and cognitive interviews, and administered to 655 Asian American participants through Amazon Mechanical Turk. Exploratory factor analysis with a random subsample (n = 324) yielded a psychometrically robust preliminary measurement model consisting of 3 factors: Self-Negativity, Weakness Stereotypes, and Appearance Bias. Confirmatory factor analysis with a separate subsample (n = 331) indicated that the proposed correlated factors model was strongly consistent with the observed data. Factor determinacies were high and demonstrated that the specified items adequately measured their intended factors. Bifactor modeling further indicated that this multidimensionality could be univocally represented for the purpose of measurement, including the use of a mean total score representing a single continuum of internalized racism on which individuals vary. The IRAAS statistically predicted depressive symptoms, and demonstrated statistically significant correlations in theoretically expected directions with four dimensions of collective self-esteem. These results provide initial validity evidence supporting the use of the IRAAS to measure aspects of internalized racism in this population. Limitations and research implications are discussed. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2019 APA, all rights reserved).