Development and characterization of plant derived wastes Nano-formulation loaded in thermo-reversible gel for burn healing: An effort towards Sustainable Development

Abstract

The duty of research is to suggest solutions to ailments affecting humans. Recently, there has been a demand that these solutions should be environmentally responsible, eco-friendly and coincide with sustainable development goals. From this perspective, the objective of this study was to develop thermo-reversible and healing promoting gel formulations. The gel base incorporated Natural Plant derived Wastes’ ethanolic extracts of either Kiwi peels (KE) or Yucca seeds (YE) (antioxidant, vitamins and anti-inflammatory natural agent) loaded chitosan nanoparticles for enhancement of burn healing performance. Comparative evaluation was done to all formulations to find the best competitor to conventional marketed drug formulations. Both extracts were standardized using HPLC. The lipoid content of YE was investigated using GC-MS, showing a content of 32.78 and 15.7 %of linoleic and pamiticmethyl esters, respectively. The nanoparticles characterization and the in-vitro physicochemical characteristics of the final dosage form formulations were assessed, revealing86.65 and 76.6 % entrapment efficiency, 311.4 and 198.1 nm particle size for KE and YE nanoformulations, respectively. The efficacy of the formulations was investigated in vivo against the commercial burn healing drug Mebo®, biochemical parameters and histopathology were statistically investigated. Reduction in wound area reached 69.12 and 72.01 % on day 12 for KE and YE nanoformulations, respectively. The YE encapsulated within chitosan nanoparticles loaded gel showed a promising and a significant healing effect comparable to the most commonly used marketed drug product (Mebo®) and possible mechanisms involved in the phases of healing were illustrated. Eco-friendly waste herbal extracts-loaded chitosan nanoparticles in thermo-reversible gel have been successfully developed from the two extracts: Kiwi peels and yucca seeds for burn and wound healing. This confirms the possible use of traditional medicines in advanced formulations to satisfy the future market of pharmaceuticals.