Abstract
The objectives of this study were to develop composite films using various gelatin sources with corn oil (CO) incorporation (55.18%) and to investigate the mechanical and physical properties of these films as potential packaging films. There were increases (p < 0.05) in the tensile strength (TS) and puncture strength (PS) of films when the concentration of gelatin increased. The mechanical properties of these films were also improved when compared with films produced without CO. Conversely, the water barrier properties of composite films decreased (p < 0.05) when the concentration of gelatin in composite films increased. Comparing with pure gelatin films, water and oxygen barrier properties of gelatin films decreased when manufactured with the inclusion of CO.
Highlights
Biopolymers, based on carbohydrates and proteins, have been extensively studied to develop edible/biodegradable films with more versatile properties [1]
The results demonstrated that the microstructure of gelatin films with corn oil (CO) were compact but contained some bubbles and oil droplets
A dense film matrix was observed as gelatin content increased, indicating that an interaction was formed in the presence of CO, which became homogeneously entangled with gelatin molecules, with CO appearing to act as a filling substance in the gelatin network [6]
Summary
Biopolymers, based on carbohydrates and proteins, have been extensively studied to develop edible/biodegradable films with more versatile properties [1]. Protein-based films offer better mechanical and barrier properties than those manufactured from polysaccharides [10]. This is primarily because of the specific structure that proteins possess and their ability to form strong intermolecular covalent, ionic and hydrogen bonds, thereby allowing them to form numerous peptide and amide linkages [11,12,13,14]. Films manufactured using lipids have been shown to be good water vapour barriers; but have been shown to have negative visual properties and be prone to brittleness, thereby reducing their potential commercial applications [6,15,16]. From all the commercial oils assessed, corn oil has been shown to be one of the most effective in decreasing the water vapour permeability of polysaccharide- and protein-based films [6,19,20]
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