Abstract
In spite of the numerous prostate cancer (CaP) intervention programmes that have been implemented to address the disparities experienced by black men, CaP prevention, risk reduction, and early detection behaviours remain low among black men. The lack of formal theoretical frameworks to guide the development and implementation of interventions has been recognised as one of the primary reasons for the failure of health interventions. Members of the Florida Prostate Cancer Health Disparity (CaPHD) group employed the Personal Model of Prostate Cancer Disparity (PIPCaD) model and the Health Communication Process Model to plan, implement, and evaluate an intervention programme, the ‘Working through Outreach to Reduce Disparity (W.O.R.D. on Prostate Cancer)’ video for black men. The location for the video was in a barbershop, a popular setting for the targeted group. The video starred CaP survivors, CaP advocates, a radio personality, and barbers. In addition, remarks were provided by a CaP scientist, a urologist, a CaP advocate, a former legislator, and a minister.The W.O.R.D. video was developed to assist black men in meeting the Healthy People 2020 goal for the United States of America. The efficacy of the W.O.R.D. video was successfully established among 143 black men in Florida. Exposure to the video was found to statistically increase CaP knowledge and intention to participate in CaP screening. Furthermore, exposure to the video statistically decreased participants’ perception of the number of factors contributing to decision, uncertainty about CaP screening. Participants were highly satisfied with the video content and rated the quality of the video to be very good. Participants also rated the video as credible, informative, useful, relevant, understandable, not too time consuming, clear, and interesting.
Highlights
The efficacy of the W.O.R.D. video was successfully established among 143 black men in Florida
The American Cancer Society (ACS) estimated that there will be about 233,000 new cases of prostate cancer (CaP) in the United States (US) in 2014, and about 29,480 men will die from the disease [1]
Our central hypothesis is that an intervention programme based on a theoretical framework that predicts black men’s behaviours will succeed in improving CaP risk reduction and early detection behaviours among black men. Based on this central hypothesis, we developed the ‘W.O.R.D on Prostate Cancer Video’, a prostate cancer education video, designed to close the CaP disparities gap between black men and white men
Summary
The American Cancer Society (ACS) estimated that there will be about 233,000 new cases of prostate cancer (CaP) in the United States (US) in 2014, and about 29,480 men will die from the disease [1]. While there has been a decline in CaP mortality and morbidity since the 1990s, black men in the US are still disproportionately affected by CaP. In 2013, CaP accounted for 37% of all cancers diagnosed in black men [2]. The CaP incidence rate for black men was 70% higher than that of white men, while the CaP death rate was more than twice as high in black men compared to white men in 2013 [1]. Between 2005 and 2009, the average annual CaP incidence rate among black men was 63% higher compared to white men. The disproportionate burden of CaP seen in black men can be attributed to personal, provider, institutional, or health systems factors [3]. The modification of personal factors, through behavioural intervention programmes, is one of the key strategies to eliminate the CaP health disparity experienced by black men
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