Abstract
There is an urgent need for early sex identification to support field planting in Ginkgo biloba L., due to the different economic and medicinal values between male and female trees. An easy, rapid and reliable molecular method for sex type determination of G. biloba was reported in the paper. Random amplification of polymorphic DNA (RAPD) and sequence-characterized amplified region (SCAR) were used to search for specific molecular markers linked to the sex locus. A total of 48 primers were used for screening of specific RAPD markers in six male and three female samples. Only one primer, S10, showed different amplification band patterns associated with sex types. Then the sex-specific bands, S10-BandA and S10-BandB, were cloned and sequenced. Based on the sequences two pairs of SCAR primers, GBA and GBB, were designed. The GBA primers amplify a single 571 bp band in male samples but not in female samples, and DNA amplification using GBB primers could generate a 688 bp band only in the female individuals. Finally, the SCAR primers were used to test 16 sex-unknown samples. SCAR primers developed in this paper can be used as effective, convenient and reliable molecular markers for sex identification in G. biloba.
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