Development and application of health-preserving training methods for ball exercises for young gymnasts aged 8-9

Abstract

Background and Study Aim. In the context of modern requirements for rhythmic gymnastics training, special attention is given to the development of methodologies for mastering ball exercise techniques with consideration for the health of young gymnasts. The goal of this research is to create specialized exercise complexes that contribute to safe and effective training in ball handling techniques among girls aged 8-9 years, with a focus on their physical health safety." Materials and Methods. The study involved 20 young gymnasts aged 8-9 years, who were part of basic training groups. Over the course of five months (from January to May 2023), the gymnasts performed specially designed exercise complexes aimed at maintaining and improving their technique and physical condition. The girls executed the proposed exercise complexes twice a week (a total of 40 sessions). The effectiveness of the methodologies was assessed through pedagogical testing of the performance of key ball exercises. The following were selected as control exercises: a large roll-over across the hands and chest forward, a large roll-over across the hands and back, an 'eight' forward with a wheeling hand movement, a high throw and catch. All control exercises were performed with both the right and left hand and were evaluated on a 5-point scale. Results. The analysis of the results showed that the proposed methodologies significantly improve the performance of complex elements, such as rolls and ball throws. Progress in performing these elements with the left hand was especially notable. It was found that the greatest difficulties occur when performing sets of exercises with the ball, in particular, large rolls and high throws. The most significant improvement was observed in the scores for the "large roll-over forward with the left hand" test (at p<0.002) and the "figure eight" test with the left hand (at p<0.01). This confirms the effectiveness of specialized exercises in improving the technical preparation of gymnasts. Conclusions. The study confirmed the significance and effectiveness of the application of the developed exercise complexes in rhythmic gymnastics training. It is particularly noteworthy that the implementation of such methods contributes not only to the technical perfection of gymnasts but also to the strengthening of their health. This is an important aspect in the preparation of young gymnasts.