Development and application of a multifunctional thoracolumbar fixation rescue vest

Abstract

Objective To develop an all-in-one multifunctional thoracolumbar fixation rescue vest for land and water rescue of thoracolumbar injury and investigate its application effect. Methods According to the thoracolumbar physiological curve, type Ⅰ thoracolumbar fixation rescue vest with keel and inflatable airbag and type Ⅱ thoracolumbar fixation rescue vest with additional lifesaving balloon and inflatable cylinder were developed using thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU)-nylon composites and polycarbonate (PC) as the main materials. Clinical application of type Ⅰ thoracolumbar fixation rescue vest in 532 cases of thoracolumbar injury was discussed. Type Ⅱ thoracolumbar fixation rescue vest were tested at marine rescue and related parameters measured were automatic inflation time, buoyancy force, floating time, floating condition and victims' face orientation. Clinical outcome was quantified by the MacNab standard, and VAS for pain was recorded. Results According to the MacNab standard, excellent outcome was achieved for all cases. VAS improved from 8.2 points to 2 points after the bracing was applied, showing 100% improvements. The brace into the water showed automatic inflation time of 3-5 seconds and maximum buoyancy force of 100 kg, and ensured a 90 kg dummy of floating over 96 hours. At marine rescue, the wounded in braced condition showed face upward with 24-hour buoyancy loss ≤5% and freedom of movement. Conclusions The multifunctional thoracolumbar fixation rescue vest provides dual immobilization and ensures marine rescue for its automatic inflation device. This invention provides the feasibility to remove, transport and evacuate the thoracolumbar fracture patients in cabin. Key words: Spinal injuries; Thoracic vertebrae; Lumbar vertebrae; Emergency medical services