Abstract
BackgroundInadequate energy and micronutrient intake during childhood is a major public health problem in developing countries. Ready-to-use supplementary food (RUSF) made of locally available food ingredients can improve micronutrient status and growth of children. The objective of this study was to develop RUSF using locally available food ingredients and test their acceptability.MethodsA checklist was prepared of food ingredients available and commonly consumed in Bangladesh that have the potential of being used for preparing RUSF. Linear programming was used to determine possible combinations of ingredients and micronutrient premix. To test the acceptability of the RUSF compared to Pushti packet (a cereal based food-supplement) in terms of amount taken by children, a clinical trial was conducted among 90 children aged 6–18 months in a slum of Dhaka city. The mothers were also asked to rate the color, flavor, mouth-feel, and overall liking of the RUSF by using a 7-point Hedonic Scale (1 = dislike extremely, 7 = like extremely).ResultsTwo RUSFs were developed, one based on rice-lentil and the other on chickpea. The total energy obtained from 50 g of rice-lentil, chickpea-based RUSF and Pushti packet were 264, 267 and 188 kcal respectively. Children were offered 50 g of RUSF and they consumed (mean ± SD) 23.8 ± 14 g rice-lentil RUSF, 28.4 ± 15 g chickpea based RUSF. Pushti packet was also offered 50 g but mothers were allowed to add water, and children consumed 17.1 ± 14 g. Mean feeding time for two RUSFs and Pushti packet was 20.9 minutes. Although the two RUSFs did not differ in the amount consumed, there was a significant difference in consumption between chickpea-based RUSF and Pushti packet (p = 0.012). Using the Hedonic Scale the two RUSFs were more liked by mothers compared to Pushti packet.ConclusionsRecipes of RUSF were developed using locally available food ingredients. The study results suggest that rice-lentil and chickpea-based RUSF are well accepted by children.Trial registrationClinicalTrials.gov NCT01553877. Registered 24 January 2012.
Highlights
Inadequate energy and micronutrient intake during childhood is a major public health problem in developing countries
This paper aims to describe the formulation of newly developed Ready-to-use supplementary food (RUSF) recipes and to assess whether these RUSF are acceptable compared with the existing Pushti packet among children aged 6–18 months in a clinical trial design
Experiments for developing recipes and preparation of samples were done at the icddr,b Food Processing Laboratory following a standardized production procedure to control the quality of RUSF from each production batch and ensure that no unexpected contamination and nutrient losses occur during processing
Summary
Inadequate energy and micronutrient intake during childhood is a major public health problem in developing countries. In a recent study we assessed the adequacy of intake of 11 micronutrients among 24–48 months children in rural Bangladesh [4]. In the same population we observed that children consumed sub-optimal amounts of fat and in most children, only one to four percent of the total energy came from essential fatty acids [5]. These observations reflect food insecurity which affects about 20–30 percent of the population of the country, as well as low dietary diversity and low feeding frequency of young children among a larger part of the population. Effective counseling to improve the quality of complementary feeding works in food secure communities, supplementation with nutritious food may be imperative for children, especially those who cannot afford an adequately diverse diet [6,7]
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