Abstract
0.95 (Na0.5Bi0.5)TiO3-0.05 BaTiO3 (NBT-BT3) compositions with excess x wt% Bi2O3 (NBT-BT3-x, with x=0, 1, 2, and 3) are sintered at 1200°C. When excess Bi2O3 is added, the NBT-BT3-1 ceramic displays the largest grain sizes, after which the grain sizes apparently decrease as more excess Bi2O3 is added. The lattice constants of calcined NBT-BT3 powder and NBT-BT3-x ceramics are calculated by the Rietveld full-pattern refinement method using the XRD standard pattern of ICSD-154041 and the measured XRD patterns of NBT-BT3-x ceramics. The refined values are compared with the measured XRD patterns to determine the cause of the distortion in the NBT-BT3-x ceramics. We show that NBT-BT3-1 ceramic has the minimum lattice constant a and maximum lattice constant c. The effects of excess Bi2O3 content on the dielectric properties of NBT-BT3-x ceramics are also discussed.
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