Developing Strategies for Landscape Sustainability: An Indonesian National Strategic Plan of Action in the Heart of Borneo

Abstract

The activities of many governments and international organizations reflect the increasing appreciation for the value of landscape approaches which clearly demanded simultaneously protecting environment, increasing agricultural production, and improving livelihoods and represent ways to reflect the goals of sustainable development. The Heart of Borneo (HoB) initiative is a prime example of a coordinated, transboundary approach to conservation and sustainable development by three neighboring countries (Brunei Darussalam, Malaysia, and Indonesia). Then, the countries developed National Strategic Plan of Action (NSPA) for each country to establish national governance and policies. The objective is to provide understanding information for relevant stakeholders in dealing with landscape sustainability in the area of Indonesia’s part of HoB. Therefore, this paper presents the values, environmental status, and challenges of the HoB development. The suggested successful keys for developing HoB landscape sustainability are also presented. This paper is merely a first step in developing and communicating suitable strategies for landscape sustainability in the HoB. The successful strategies of landscape sustainability are the process by which information is collected with a view to establishing, within a defined framework of expectations, the current status, and probable future direction of the interactions between human beings and landscapes, using certain preconditions, principles, and integrated landscape management (ILM) and its partnership.