Abstract
With the development of nanotechnology, a theranostics nanoplatform can have broad applications in multimodal image-guided combination treatment in cancer precision medicine. To overcome the limitations of a single diagnostic imaging mode and a single chemotherapeutic approach, we intend to combat tumor growth and provide therapeutic interventions by integrating multimodal imaging capabilities and effective combination therapies on an advanced platform. So, we have constructed IO@MnO2@DOX (IMD) hybrid nanoparticles composed of superparamagnetic iron oxide (IO), manganese dioxide (MnO2), and doxorubicin (DOX). The nano-platform could achieve efficient T2-T1 magnetic resonance (MR) imaging, switchable photoacoustic (PA) imaging, and tumor microenvironment (TME)-responsive DOX release and achieve enhanced synergism of magnetic hyperthermia and chemotherapy with PA/MR bimodal imaging. The results show that IMD has excellent heating properties when exposed to an alternating magnetic field (AMF). Therefore, it can be used as an inducer for tumor synergism therapy with chemotherapy and hyperthermia. In the TME, the IMD nanoparticle was degraded, accompanied by DOX release. Moreover, in vivo experimental results show that the smart nanoparticles had excellent T2-T1 MR and PA imaging capabilities and an excellent synergistic effect of magnetic hyperthermia and chemotherapy. IMD nanoparticles could significantly inhibit tumor growth in tumor-bearing mice with negligible side effects. In conclusion, smart IMD nanoparticles have the potential for tumor diagnosis and growth inhibition as integrated diagnostic nanoprobes.
Highlights
Chemotherapy is one of the primary treatment methods for cancer
The successful synthesis and GSH-responsive degradation of iron oxide (IO)@MnO2@ DOX (IMD) were demonstrated by measuring transmission electron microscopy (TEM) images and size distributions
The shape of IO is approximately cubic, and in IMD TEM, we found that after reducing KMnO4 with MES at room temperature, the MnO2 nanosheets were successfully grown around IO
Summary
Chemotherapy is one of the primary treatment methods for cancer. It still has the limitations of multidrug resistance, multiple side effects, and low drug bioavailability (Du et al, 2012). Research of synergistic therapies through different collaborative strategies has received increased attention (Gu et al, 2019). Magnetic hyperthermia has been commonly applied in cancer treatment research because of its noninvasive nature, accurate targeting, high penetration depth, and good therapeutic effect. After selectively allowing magnetic nanoparticles to enter the tumor and exposing the tumor to the external alternating magnetic field (AMF), the internalized magnetic nanoparticles generate heat, which increases the internal temperature of the tumor. Magnetic hyperthermia based on magnetic nanoparticles has emerged for collaborative chemotherapy, radiotherapy, or gene therapy (Liu et al, 2020)
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