Abstract
An overview of state-of-the-art frequency tunable tech- nologies in the realization of tunable radio frequency (RF) and mi- crowave tunable circuits is presented with focus on fllter designs. Those enabling techniques and materials include semiconductors, micro- electro-mechanical systems (MEMS), ferroelectric and ferromagnetic materials. Various performance indicators of one-dimensional tun- able fllters are addressed in terms of tunability, losses, signal in- tegrity and other aspects. Fundamental limitations of the classical one-dimensional tuning method are discussed, which makes use of only one type of tunable elements such as either electric or magnetic tuning/controlling of circuit parameters. Requirements of simultane- ous electric and magnetic two-dimensional tuning techniques are high- lighted for achieving an unprecedented and advantageous wider modal tuning. It is believed that this emerging scheme will lead its way in the realization of future highly e-cient and tunable RF and microwave components and devices.
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