Abstract
The hydrodynamic characteristics of laminar flow in a curved semi-circular duct have been investigated numerically. The duct is evolved around an axis parallel to the flat side of the semi-circle section so that the curved side is outside. This configuration is convenient in cooling of circular tanks in which the contact will be guaranteed around the entire circular tank. The effects of Reynolds number, ranged between 100 and 1500, and the curvature ratio, ranged between 1/20 and 1/8, on the hydrodynamic developing length and the friction factor have been investigated. Significant reduction of the fully developed hydrodynamic length is observed compared to that of straight semi-circular duct. In addition to changing the heat transfer area of the semi-circular duct compared to the circular one, the friction factor becomes less. New correlations for the fully developed hydrodynamic length and the mean friction factor as functions of Reynolds number, the curvature ratio and Dean number have been deduced and compared with those of straight and curved ducts.
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