Abstract
Irwin formula was improved by introducing three new elements three functions accounting for the applied stress, crack length, specimen width and the distance to the crack tip. Based on the improved formula the more exact relation is derived for predicting the plastic zone size (PZS) at the crack tip. The errors in the stress distribution and PZS are analyzed over wide ranges of the relative crack length, net stress and stress intensity factor. The present analysis results are compared with the results of numerical analyses and the actual PZS values, reported in the literature. When predicting the fatigue crack growth time under the operational loading spectrum, one of the dominant parameters is the plastic zone size [2]. It is calculated using the relation based on Irwin formula for the description or stress distribution at the crack tip. Koskinen [7], Kang and Liu [5] found out that this relation has a significant error. The present paper objective is to improve Irwin formula to decrease the error in the prediction of stress distribution and PZS at the crack tip. Irwin formula and the appropriate relation for PZS have the form [4, 8] a:~ = oj = K (2~x) -~/2, (1)
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